The development of vocational undergraduate education is an initiative to adapt to industrial transformation and upgrading, and is also a key part of promoting the high-quality development of vocational education。2021年4月，习近平总书记对职业教育工作作出重要指示强调，稳步发展职业本科教育。This year, the Ministry of Education has included "promoting stable progress in vocational undergraduate education" as one of the key tasks of the "five breakthroughs" in vocational education in 2022。Vocational undergraduate education has become the focus of vocational education and the whole society。During this year's two sessions, many representatives offered suggestions for the steady development of vocational undergraduate education。

First, vocational undergraduate, from pilot to comprehensive practice

As a new thing in China's educational reform, vocational undergraduate education has experienced a process from scratch, from pilot to comprehensive practice。

2014年，Decision on Accelerating the Development of Modern Vocational Education Issued by The State Council，The first mention of "exploring the development of undergraduate level vocational education";2019，The State Council issued the Implementation Plan for National Vocational Education Reform，Clearly put forward "carry out undergraduate level vocational education pilot";The year 2021，China Central Office and State Office issued Opinions on Promoting High-quality Development of Modern Vocational Education，Further clarify，By 2025, "the enrollment scale of vocational undergraduate education shall not be less than 10% of the enrollment scale of higher vocational education."。

"The development of vocational undergraduate education is to adapt to China's industrial transformation and upgrading, improve the modern vocational education system, run the people's satisfaction with higher vocational education, and promote China's vocational education to the international reality needs and key measures.。Zheng Yali, a deputy to the National People's Congress and dean of Zhejiang Vocational College of Finance, said。

Under the general tone of steadily developing undergraduate vocational education, the policy supply of undergraduate vocational education continues to increase。The latest edition of the professional catalogue of vocational education has set up 247 vocational undergraduate majors，The "Opinions on Doing a good job in the authorization and Awarding of Bachelor's degrees in vocational schools at the undergraduate Level" will include vocational undergraduates in the existing bachelor's degree work system，It is clear that the utility of vocational undergraduate certificate is equal to the value of ordinary undergraduate，It has the same effect in employment, postgraduate entrance examination and public entrance examination。It can be said that undergraduate vocational education has national special documents in the professional setting, school setting, degree awarding and other aspects, basically forming a "closed loop" of talent training.。

Zheng Yali believes that the revised draft of the Vocational Education Law has added content about the setting of vocational schools at the undergraduate level, which will provide a legal basis for carrying out vocational undergraduate education after its formal adoption, "the policy and law on vocational undergraduate education have completed the top-level design, and the key now is to put the policy into practice."。

According to the statistics of national education undertakings in 2021, there are currently 32 vocational schools at the undergraduate level, and 4 vocational undergraduate enrollment.140,000 people, vocational undergraduate students 12.93万人。At present, the proportion of higher education has reached 20%。"In the next step, we will strive to let more vocational school graduates receive high-quality vocational undergraduate education.。Chen Ziji, director of the Department of Vocational Education and Adult Education of the Ministry of Education, said。

Second, scientific setting, steadily expand the scale

Since the pilot of vocational education at undergraduate level, the field of vocational education has been explored in various forms。Joint training of higher vocational colleges and undergraduate colleges, independent colleges and vocational colleges merged into vocational universities......Various school-running practices have aroused wide concern and discussion in the field of vocational education。

Who should run the vocational undergraduate education is the first problem that needs to be clarified for the steady development of vocational undergraduate education。

Su Hua, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, a member of the Standing Committee of the Central Committee of Civil Construction and vice chairman of the China Vocational Education Association suggested，Priority is given to select qualified "double high Plan" vocational colleges to build vocational education undergraduate schools，We will accelerate the transformation of local ordinary undergraduate schools into application-oriented undergraduate schools，Actively encourage the transfer of independent colleges，We will build a number of vocational education and application-oriented undergraduate schools。

Zheng Yali suggested that the upgrading of "double high" schools and the holding of vocational undergraduate majors are the main channels for the development of undergraduate vocational education, and these schools have a good foundation, strong strength, and distinct types and characteristics, and can play a leading and exemplary role。

"At present, the number of colleges and universities carrying out pilot vocational undergraduate education is small, and the strength of running schools is generally not strong enough。Xu Ling, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and vice president of Guangdong Technical Normal University, proposed to further optimize the layout of vocational education colleges and majors across the country。"Guided by talent demand and industrial development, we will expand the number of pilot vocational undergraduate education schools in the more developed industrial areas such as the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the Yangtze River Delta, and create a demonstration highland for regional vocational undergraduate education.。”

At a recent press conference held by the Ministry of Education，Chen Ziji said，Support eligible national "double high Plan" construction units to independently upgrade to vocational undergraduate schools，We will support higher vocational schools at the specialized level that are in line with the deep integration of production and education, have distinct educational characteristics, and provide high-quality training，Upgrade some specialist programs，Pilot vocational undergraduate education。In addition, about 10 high-level demonstration schools for vocational undergraduate education will be selected and built。

Third, improve quality, adhere to professional nature

How does vocational undergraduate education differ from vocational specialized education and applied undergraduate education？How to maintain the attributes of vocational education in the orientation and reflect the connotation of undergraduate in the construction？

"The steady development of vocational undergraduate aims to enhance the adaptability of vocational education, which is mainly reflected in training high-level technical skills talents to meet the needs of economic and social development, promoting the accumulation and innovation of technical skills, and enhancing the ability to serve regional development and industrial transformation and upgrading.。Zheng Yali said that on the one hand, it is necessary to adhere to the combination of German technology and training, education and training, and cultivate high-level technical skills;On the other hand, we must adhere to service first, technological innovation, and enhance the capacity of enterprises in the service industry。

"We should establish and improve various standard systems for vocational undergraduate education。"Xu Ling suggested，Aiming at the unique characteristics and advantages of vocational undergraduate education，Accelerate the establishment and improvement of the relevant system and standard system of vocational undergraduate education，In particular, we should strengthen the system construction of "vocational education college entrance examination", professional construction standards, personnel training standards, curriculum and teaching standards and other series of standards，Gradually build a more complete standard system。

"With the guidance of standards, we should further clarify the school-running positioning, training objectives, training mode and school-running system of vocational undergraduate education, avoid homogenization with ordinary undergraduate development, and more highlight and highlight the talent training characteristics of vocational undergraduate education.。Xu Ling suggested that we should also strengthen policy support and increase funding for public vocational undergraduate colleges and universities, and build vocational undergraduate colleges and majors with high standards。

In terms of curriculum setting, Zheng Yongfei, member of the CPPCC National Committee and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, believes that: "It is necessary to establish and improve vocational education curriculum standards and establish a regular update mechanism in accordance with the actual production and technical needs of the post。Zheng Yongfei suggested that higher vocational colleges actively cooperate with enterprises to develop course content, incorporate representative technologies, processes and norms as well as typical production cases into teaching practice in a timely manner, and cooperate with enterprises to build course evaluation indicators, while constantly promoting the sharing and utilization of high-quality teaching resources and expanding the scope of benefits。

"To achieve the 'chorus' of government, industry, schools and enterprises, we can cultivate more high-quality technical and technical talents, skilled craftsmen and great craftsmen.。"Su Hua said。